CIA

History
The CIA almost immediately began psyops in December 1947, just months after its creation, and OPC was established soon after. See main article: Psychological Operations. The CIA Act of 1949 gave the CIA virtually unlimited spending power.

Subgroups: Office of Policy Coordination

Research: Propaganda Assets Inventory (Wisner's Wurlitzer)

Important People: Frank Wisner

Tom Braden and William Colby, a future CIA director, both realized, after studying the communists, the importance of CIA fronts to champion ostensibly local issues. To achieve this Braden streamlined OPC, relying on his friend Dulles to settle disputes, and frequently going over the head of Frank Wisner. He created the International Organizations Division (IOD) for psychological warfare, sanctioned and heavily funded by NSC-68, and under Wisner who was the Deputy Director of Plans.

In Education
M.I.T.

Socialist Party CIA Fronts
Paix et Liberté (France):

Labor Union CIA Fronts
Force Ouvrière (Workers' Force, France)

Business Fronts
Youth Argosy

Farfield Foundation (US): Set up to fund the CCF Oeuvre du Vingtième Siècle (Masterpieces of the Twentieth Century) festival in 1952, it continued being used by the CIA. Julius Fleischmann was initially the president.